To deal with moral injury, it is relevant to ask Frankl’s question, “In the midst of what has happened and what is still happening, how can I find meaning in life?” It’s not a matter of denying or ignoring the terrible stuff, but of accepting it and moving forward from there.

As Frankl would have done, therapists such as Litz and Harwood-Gross encourage clients to accept the depth of inhumanity in the world rather than attempt to blot out awareness of that inhumanity. The essential question—the same one Frankl confronted—then becomes: “In the midst of what has happened and what is still happening, how can I find meaning in life?”